Hydraulic jack



June'2, 1936. J L R 2,042,727

HYDRAULIC JACK Filed June 30, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet l June'z, 1936. J MUELLER 2,042,727

' HYDRAULIC JACK Filed June 30, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 LT. riMuEllE I"-- iatented June 2, 1936 HYDRAULIC JACK Joseph J. Mueller, Racine, Wis., assignor to American Grinder and Specialty Corporation,

Milwaukee, Wis.

Application June 30, 1934, Serial No. 733,286

Claims.

This invention appertains to lifting devices, and more particularly to hydraulic jacks of the light portable type especially adapted for auto-- mobile use.

One of the salientobjects of my invention is to generally improve the construction of hydraulic jacks, so as to produce an exceptionally simple and rugged structure, which can be manufactured and placed upon the market at a reasonable cost.

Another important object of my invention is to provide a novel jack base cast as a single unit, having formed directly thereon the cylinder for the pressure pump, the high pressure passageway being formed in the base in a novel manner, whereby the perforation of the outer sides of the base is eliminated and thereby efiectively forms a leak-proof structure.

A further object of my invention is the-provision of novel means for forming the valves separate from the pump cylinder, whereby the. same will be readily accessible and easily removed for cleaning, etc.

With these and other objects in view, the in-' vention consists in the novel construction,

arrangement and formation of parts, as will be hereinafter more specifically described, claimed and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which drawings:

Figure l is a side elevation of ajack constructed in accordance with my invention, partsof the same beingshown broken away and in section to illustrate structural details.

Figure 2 is a detail vertical section through a slightly modified form of jack, the view being taken substantially on the line 2-2-of Figure 3.

Figure 3 is ahorizontal section through the modified form of jack, taken substantially on the line 3-3 of Figure 2, looking in the direction of the arrows.

Referring to the drawings in detail, wherein similar reference characters designate corresponding parts throughout the several views, the

letter A generally indicates m'y improved hydraulic jack, which comprises a'base 5 cast as a 1 single unit.

The base has formed centrally thereon the bodyportion 6, which is provided with the axiallydisposed recess 1 forming a part of the ram cylinder. The side wall of this-recess is internally threaded. for the reception of the removable ram cylinder proper 8.

The body 6 ispreferably formed on a base plate 9, and suitable reinforcing ribs can extend from the plate 9 to the body. This plate 9 is so shaped as to permit the: jack tobe readily slid over the ground, and the same is of the sled type. At one side of the axial recess 1 I form a vertically disposed recess H in which is mounted the valves, as will be hereinafter more fully set forth. It is to be noted, however, that the side wall of recess 5 II is provided with internal threads l2.

Extending laterally from the base body 6 and at an angle thereto is the pump cylinder l3, and this cylinder is cast integral with the base and forms a unit thereof. Reciprocally mounted in 10 the pump cylinder I3 is a plunger M, and this plunger extends exteriorly of the cylinder through a packing gland l5.

Formed directly on the cylinder I3 is the upstandingsupporting arm, or bracket, IE to which der is a passageway 2| which connects with the valve recess ll. Communicating with the extreme lower end of the recess 1 is a diagonally extending high pressure passageway 22, and this passageway 22 communicates with the valve cavity II by means of a relatively short high pressure passageway 23.

Communicating with the rear end of the high 3i) pressure passageway 22 is a relief passageway, or by-pass conduit, 24, and this passageway 24 is extended to the upper end of the base body and communicates with the interior of the reservoir cylinder, as will be later describe A pressure relief valve 25 is carried by the base and extends through a packing gland 26. The inner end of the relief valve normally seats on the walls of the passageway 22 for closing 'communication between the passageway 22 and the 40 relief, or by-pass, passageway 24.

As clearly shown in the drawings, the ram cylinder 8 extends a considerable distance above the base and above the reservoir cylinder 21. The

the same tightly on the base to form a leak-proof joi t.

The ram 3| is slidably received within the ram cylinder and extends through a packing gland 32 on said head28. The ram 3| adjustably carries the lifting head, or foot, 33. The inner end of the ram can be provided with any preferred type of pump washers 34.

Snugly fitted within'the valve recess II is a valve cage 35. This cage carries a ball valve 36.

A second valve cage 31 is threaded into the recess H and is tightly fitted on top of the cage 35 to hold the same in place. A ball valve 38 is carried by the cage 31.

It is to be noted that the valve cage 35 is provided with a longitudinally extending passageway 39 and a cross passageway 40 which opens out through the sides of the cage. By referring to the drawings, it can be seen that when the cages on its seat during this movement of the plunger due to the suction created.

Upon downward movement of the pump plunger, the valve 38 is forced on its seat, and the valve 36 is moved off its seat, and consequently the fluid under pressure will flow through the passageway 2|, the valve cage, and through the passageways 23 and 22, into the ram cylinder, causing upward movement of the-ram. Obviously, the ram can be raised to any desired position by continued operation of the pump plunger.

When it is desired to release the ram and permit the lowering thereof, the release valve is unthreaded so as to move the same off its seat. Consequently, the liquid is permitted to fiow through the passageways 22 and 24 back into the reservoir. The reservoir cylinder 21, adjacent to its upper end, can be provided with a removable plug 4| so as to permit the desired quantity of oil, or other liquLd, to be introduced into the reservoir.

From the foregoing description, it can be seen that an exceptionally simple and rugged structure is had and that all of the pasageways are formed interiorly of the base without the necessity of drilling the base from the outer sides thereof. Particular stress is laid on'the novel arrangement of the pump cylinder and the novel arrangement of the valves, in that the valves can be renewed, when worn, without disturbing the pump cylinder in any way. In Figures 2 and 3, I have illustrated a slightly modified form of jack, and in this form I provide a separate by-pass, or relief, passageway, which is distinct from the high pressure passageway.

Referring to these figures, it can be seen that the jack includes a base 50, having the axial re-- cess 5| into which is threaded the ram cylinder 52. voir cylinder 53 which is snugly fitted in the base. Extending laterally from the base and at an angle thereto is the integral pump cylinder 54, which'receives the pump plunger 55. Between the pump cylinder 54 and the axial recess 5|, the base is provided with a valve recess 56, which opens out through the upper end of the base and Surrounding the ram cylinder 52 is the resercommunicates with the interior of the reservoir cylinder 53.

Communicating with the valve recess 56 intermediate its ends is a diagonal pasageway, or conduit, 51, and this passageway communicates with the lower end of the pump cylinder 54. Connecting the lower end of the valve recess 56 and the lower end of the ram cylinder is a high pressure passageway 58. Leading from' the lower end of the ram cylinder is a relief passageway 59, and extending upwardly from the passageway 59 is a second relief passageway 69, which leads above the valves for conmqunication with the reservoir.

Flow of fluid through the relief passageways 59 and 60 is controlled by manually operated relief valve 6|, which extends through a suitable pack- "ing gland 62 carried by the base.

Fitted within the valve recess 56 is a lower valve cage 63 in which is mounted a one-way opening ball valve 64. This cage 63 is held in place by 2( the upper valve cage 65, which is threaded in the valve recess, This valve cage 65 also carries a one-way opening ball valve 66. .The lower valve cage 63 has formed therein the longitudinal passageway 61 and a cross passageway 68 which communicates with the pump passageway, or conduit, 51.

This jack operates in exactly the same manner as that form of myjack previously described, but it is to be noted that when the relief valve is open, the fluid under pressure will travel through the passageways 59 and 60 back to the reservoir.

From the foregoing description, it can be seen that I have provided an exceptionally simple and durable form of jack, which will efiectively accomplish the purpose intended.

Changes in details may be made without departing from the spirit or the scope of this invention, but what I claim as new is:-

I 1. A hydraulic jack comprising, a base having an enlarged cavity in its upper face "and a smaller cavity at one side of the large cavity, a pump cylinder formed integral with the base and at one sideof the cavities, a ram cylinder secured in the large cavity, a reservoir cylinder carried by the base and surrounding the ram cylinder and forming a reservoir in conjunction therewith, a ram slidably mounted in the ram cylinder, a pump plunger slidably mounted in the, pump cylinder, the base having a passageway connecting the pump cylinder with the small cavity intermediate its ends, a passageway connecting the lower ends of the small'and large cavities together, a oneway valve fitted in the small cavity below the first mentioned passageway, a second one-way opening valve detachably fitted in the small cavity and.

engaging the first valve, and means for by-passing fluid from the large cavity to the reservoir, said reservoir cylinder completely enclosing the upper endof the small cavity.

2. A hydraulic jack comprising, a base having an enlarged cavity in its upper face and a smaller cavity at one side of the large cavity, opening out said upper face, a pumpcylinder formed integral with the base and at one side of the cavities, a ram cylinder secured in the large cavity, a reservoir cylinder carried by the base and surrounding the ram cylinder and forming a reservoir in conjunction therewith, a ram slidably mounted in the ram cylinder, a pump plunger slidably mounted in the pump cylinder, the base havin a passageway connecting the pump cylinder with the small cavity intermediate its ends, a passageway connecting the lower ends of the small and large cavities together, a one-way valve fitted in the small cavity below the first mentioned passageway, a second one-way opening valve detachably fitted in the small cavity and engaging the first valve, and means for by-passing fluid from the large cavity to the reservoir, said means including a manually controlled valve, said reservoir cylinder overlying the upper end of the small cavity.

3. A hydraulic jack comprising, a base having a central large vertical recess formed in its upper face and a small vertical recess at one side thereof opening out said upper face, an integral pump cylinder formed on the base, a ram cylinder secured in the large recess,fa reservoir cylinder carried by the base and surrounding the ram cylinder and forming a reservoir in conjunction therewith and overlying the upper end of the small recess, a ram slidably mounted in the ram cylinder, a pump plunger mounted in the pump cylinder, said base having a passageway connect.- ing the lower end of the pump cylinder with the small recess intermediate its ends and formed from the interior of the pump cylinder, and a passageway connecting the lower ends of the small and large recesses together formed from the interior of the central recess, avalve cage removably fitted in the small, vertical recess having a longitudinal passageway therethrough and a cross passageway communicating with the first mentioned passageway in the base, a one-way opening valve controlling the fiow of fluid through the cage, a second valve cage threaded in the small vertical recess against the first cage and having a one-way opening valve controlling the flow of fluid therethrough and means controlling the by-passing of fiuid'from the lower end of the ram cylinder to the reservoir.

4. A hydraulic jack comprising, a base having a central large recess in its upper face and a small recess in its upper face and opening out at one side of the large recess, an integral pump cylinder carried by the base, a ram cylinder secured in the large recess, a reservoir cylinder carried by the base and surrounding the ram cylinder and forming a reservoir-in conjunction therewith, said reservoir cylinder enclosing the small recess, a pump plunger mounted in the pump cylinder, said together, a valve ca eating with the cross base having a passageway connecting the rear end of the pump cylinder with the small recess intermediate its ends, and a passageway connect ing the lower ends of the small and large recesses ge fitted in the small recess having a longitudinally extending passageway and a cross passageway, a one-way opening valve controlling the flow of fluid through the cage, the first mentioned passageway in the base communicating with the cross passageway of the cage, a second valve cage detachably fitted in the recess against the first cage and having a one-way opening valve therein, said base also having relief passageways connecting the lower end of the large recess with the lower end of the reservoir, and a manually operated valve for controlling the fiow of fluid through the relief passageways.

5. A hydraulic jack comprising, a base having a central large recess in its upper face and a small recess in itsppper face opening out at one side of the large recess, an integral pump cylinder carried by the base, a ram cylinder secured in the large recess, a reservoir cylinder carried by the base and surrounding the ram cylinder and forming a reservoir in conjunction therewith, said reservoir cylinder enclosing the small recess, a pump plunger mounted in the pump cylinder, said base having a passageway connecting the rear end of the pump cylinder with the small recess intermediate its ends, and a passageway connecting the lower ends of the small and large recesses together, a valve cage fitted in the small recess having a longitudinally extending passageway and a cross passageway, a one-way opening valve controlling the flow of fluid through the cage, the first mentioned passageway in the base communipassageway of the cage, a second valve cage detachably fitted in the recess against the first cage and having a one-way opening valve therein, said base also having relief passageways connecting the lower end of the large recess with the lower end of the reservoir, and a manually operated valve for controlling the flow of fluid through the relief passageways, all of said passageways in the base being formed perforating the exterior face of the base.

JOSEPH J. MUELLER.

without 

